Bone marrow suppression (particularly neutropenia) and its clinical consequences (febrile neutropenia, neutropenic infections, and death): Monitor blood counts frequently to determine if dosage modification or initiation of G-CSF is needed. Closely monitor patients with hemoglobin <10 g/dL. ( 2.2 , 4 , 5.1 ) Increased toxicities in elderly patients: Patients ≥65 years of age were more likely to experience fatal outcomes and certain adverse reactions, including neutropenia and febrile neutropenia. Monitor closely. Hypersensitivity: Severe hypersensitivity reactions can occur. Premedicate with corticosteroids and H 2 antagonists. Discontinue infusion immediately if hypersensitivity is observed and treat as indicated. Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may occur. Mortality related to diarrhea has been reported. Rehydrate and treat with antiemetics and antidiarrheals as needed. If experiencing Grade ≥3 diarrhea, dosage should be modified. Deaths have occurred due to gastrointestinal hemorrhage, perforation and neutropenic enterocolitis. Delay or discontinue JEVTANA and treat as indicated. Renal failure, including cases with fatal outcomes, has been reported. Identify cause and manage aggressively. Urinary disorders including cystitis: Cystitis, radiation cystitis, and hematuria may occur. Monitor patients who previously received pelvic radiation for signs and symptoms of cystitis. Interrupt or discontinue JEVTANA and provide medical or surgical supportive care, as needed, in patients experiencing severe hemorrhagic cystitis. Respiratory disorders: Interstitial pneumonia/pneumonitis, interstitial lung disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, including fatal outcomes, have been reported. Delay or discontinue JEVTANA and treat as indicated. Hepatic impairment: Administer JEVTANA at a dose of 20 mg/m 2 in patients with mild hepatic impairment. Administer JEVTANA at a dose of 15 mg/m 2 in patients with moderate hepatic impairment. Embryo-fetal toxicity: JEVTANA can cause fetal harm and loss of pregnancy. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception. ( 5.9 , 8.1 , 8.3 ) 5.1 Bone Marrow Suppression JEVTANA is contraindicated in patients with neutrophils ≤1,500/mm 3 . Closely monitor patients with hemoglobin <10 g/dL. Bone marrow suppression manifested as neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and/or pancytopenia may occur. Neutropenic deaths have been reported. TROPIC Trial (JEVTANA 25 mg/m 2 ) In the TROPIC trial with G-CSF administered only at the investigator's discretion, 5 patients (1.3%) died from neutropenic infection (sepsis or septic shock); 4 of these patients died in the first 30 days of treatment. One additional patient's death was attributed to neutropenia without a documented infection. Twenty-two (6%) patients discontinued JEVTANA treatment due to neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, infection, or sepsis. Grade 3–4 neutropenia occurred in 82% of patients treated with JEVTANA in the randomized trial . PROSELICA Trial (comparison of JEVTANA 20 mg/m 2 versus 25 mg/m 2 ) In the PROSELICA trial comparing two doses of JEVTANA, primary prophylaxis with G-CSF was not allowed, but could be administered after development of neutropenia at investigators discretion. Eight patients (1%) on the 20 mg/m 2 arm and 15 patients (3%) on the 25 mg/m 2 arm died from infection; of these, 4 deaths on the 20 mg/m 2 arm and 8 deaths on the 25 mg/m 2 arm occurred within the first 30 days of treatment. Clinically important neutropenia-related events occurred and included febrile neutropenia (2.1% on 20 mg/m 2 arm and 9.2% on 25 mg/m 2 arm), neutropenic infection/sepsis (2.1% on 20 mg/m 2 arm and 6.4% on 25 mg/m 2 arm), and neutropenic deaths (0.3% on 20 mg/m 2 arm and 0.7% on 25 mg/m 2 arm). Fewer patients receiving JEVTANA 20 mg/m 2 were reported to have infectious adverse reactions. Grade 1–4 infections were experienced by 160 patients (28%) on the 20 mg/m 2 arm and 227 patients (38%) on the 25 mg/m 2 arm. Grade 3–4 infections were experienced by 57 patients (10%) on the 20 mg/m 2 arm and 120 patients (20%) on the 25 mg/m 2 arm. Noninferiority for overall survival was demonstrated between these two arms . CARD Trial (JEVTANA 25 mg/m 2 + primary prophylaxis G-CSF) In the CARD trial where JEVTANA 25 mg/m 2 was administered with primary prophylaxis of G-CSF, 1 patient (0.8%) died from sepsis within the first 30 days of treatment. Grade 1–4 neutropenia-related adverse reactions were experienced in 33 patients (26%). Grade 3–4 neutropenias were experienced by 26 patients (21%). Clinically important neutropenia-related events occurred and included febrile neutropenia (3.2%), neutropenic infection/sepsis (0.8%) and neutropenic deaths (0.8%) . Based on guidelines for the use of G-CSF and the adverse reactions profile of JEVTANA, primary prophylaxis with G-CSF is recommended in patients with high-risk clinical features (older patients, poor performance status, previous episodes of febrile neutropenia, extensive prior radiation ports, poor nutritional status, or other serious comorbidities) that predispose them to increased complications from prolonged neutropenia. Consider primary prophylaxis with G-CSF in all patients receiving JEVTANA 25 mg/m 2 . Monitoring of complete blood counts is essential on a weekly basis during cycle 1 and before each treatment cycle thereafter so that the dose can be adjusted, if needed
Increased Toxicities in Elderly Patients In a randomized trial (TROPIC), 2% of patients (3/131) <65 years of age and 6% (15/240) ≥65 years of age died of causes other than disease progression within 30 days of the last JEVTANA dose. Patients ≥65 years of age are more likely to experience certain adverse reactions, including neutropenia and febrile neutropenia. The incidence of the following grade 3–4 adverse reactions was higher in patients ≥65 years of age compared to younger patients; neutropenia (87% vs 74%), and febrile neutropenia (8% vs 6%). In a randomized clinical trial (PROSELICA) comparing two doses of JEVTANA, deaths due to infection within 30 days of starting JEVTANA occurred in 0.7% (4/580) patients on the 20 mg/m 2 arm and 1.3% (8/595) patients on the 25 mg/m 2 arm; all of these patients were >60 years of age. In PROSELICA, on the 20 mg/m 2 arm, 3% (5/178) of patients <65 years of age and 2% (9/402) ≥65 years of age died of causes other than disease progression within 30 days of the last JEVTANA dose. On the 25 mg/m 2 arm, 2% (3/175) patients <65 years of age and 5% (20/420) ≥65 years of age died of causes other than disease progression within 30 days of the last JEVTANA dose . In CARD, a death due to infection within 30 days of starting JEVTANA occurred in 0.8% (1/126) patient who was >75 years of age. There were 2.4% (3/126) of patients who died of causes other than disease progression within 30 days of the last JEVTANA dose; all of these patients were >75 years of age
Hypersensitivity Reactions Hypersensitivity reactions may occur within a few minutes following the initiation of the infusion of JEVTANA, thus facilities and equipment for the treatment of hypotension and bronchospasm should be available. Severe hypersensitivity reactions can occur and may include generalized rash/erythema, hypotension and bronchospasm. Premedicate all patients prior to the initiation of the infusion of JEVTANA . Observe patients closely for hypersensitivity reactions, especially during the first and second infusions. Severe hypersensitivity reactions require immediate discontinuation of the JEVTANA infusion and appropriate therapy. JEVTANA is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to cabazitaxel or to other drugs formulated with polysorbate 80
Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions Nausea, vomiting and severe diarrhea, at times, may occur. Deaths related to diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance occurred in the randomized clinical trials. Intensive measures may be required for severe diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance. Antiemetic prophylaxis is recommended. Treat patients with rehydration, antidiarrheal or antiemetic medications as needed. Treatment delay or dosage reduction may be necessary if patients experience Grade ≥3 diarrhea . Gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage and perforation, ileus, enterocolitis, neutropenic enterocolitis, including fatal outcome, have been reported in patients treated with JEVTANA . Risk may be increased with neutropenia, age, steroid use, concomitant use of NSAIDs, antiplatelet therapy or anticoagulants, and patients with a prior history of pelvic radiotherapy, adhesions, ulceration and GI bleeding. Abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, persistent constipation, diarrhea, with or without neutropenia, may be early manifestations of serious gastrointestinal toxicity and should be evaluated and treated promptly. JEVTANA treatment delay or discontinuation may be necessary. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions is greater in the patients who have received prior radiation. In PROSELICA, diarrhea was reported in 41% (297/732) of patients who had received prior radiation and in 27% (118/443) of patients without prior radiation. Of the patients who had previously received radiation, more patients on the 25 mg/m 2 arm reported diarrhea, compared to patients on the 20 mg/m 2 arm
Renal Failure In the randomized clinical trial (TROPIC), renal failure of any grade occurred in 4% of the patients being treated with JEVTANA, including four cases with fatal outcome. Most cases occurred in association with sepsis, dehydration, or obstructive uropathy . Some deaths due to renal failure did not have a clear etiology. Appropriate measures should be taken to identify causes of renal failure and treat aggressively
Urinary Disorders Including Cystitis Cystitis, radiation cystitis, and hematuria, including that requiring hospitalization, has been reported with JEVTANA in patients who previously received pelvic radiation . In PROSELICA, cystitis and radiation cystitis were reported in 1.2% and 1.5% of patients who received prior radiation, respectively. Hematuria was reported in 19.4% of patients who received prior radiation and in 14.4% of patients who did not receive prior radiation. Cystitis from radiation recall may occur late in treatment with JEVTANA. Monitor patients who previously received pelvic radiation for signs and symptoms of cystitis while on JEVTANA. Interrupt or discontinue JEVTANA in patients experiencing severe hemorrhagic cystitis. Medical and/or surgical supportive treatment may be required to treat severe hemorrhagic cystitis
Respiratory Disorders Interstitial pneumonia/pneumonitis, interstitial lung disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome have been reported and may be associated with fatal outcome . Patients with underlying lung disease may be at higher risk for these events. Acute respiratory distress syndrome may occur in the setting of infection. Interrupt JEVTANA if new or worsening pulmonary symptoms develop. Closely monitor, promptly investigate, and appropriately treat patients receiving JEVTANA. Consider discontinuation. The benefit of resuming JEVTANA treatment must be carefully evaluated
Use in Patients with Hepatic Impairment Cabazitaxel is extensively metabolized in the liver. JEVTANA is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (total bilirubin >3 × ULN) . Dose should be reduced for patients with mild (total bilirubin >1 to ≤1.5 × ULN or AST >1.5 × ULN) and moderate (total bilirubin >1.5 to ≤3.0 × ULN and any AST) hepatic impairment, based on tolerability data in these patients . Administration of JEVTANA to patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment should be undertaken with caution and close monitoring of safety
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based on findings in animal reproduction studies and its mechanism of action, JEVTANA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman . There are no available data in pregnant women to inform the drug-associated risk. In animal reproduction studies, intravenous administration of cabazitaxel in pregnant rats during organogenesis caused embryonic and fetal death at doses lower than the maximum recommended human dose (approximately 0.06 times the C max in patients at the recommended human dose). Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 4 months after the last dose of JEVTANA .